Matrices in Latex
amsmath is an extension package that provides various features for writing math formulas.
Example (one Dimensional)
\documentclass[12pt]{article}
\usepackage{amsmath} % including amsmath package
\begin{document}
$$
\frac{1}{2}
\begin{bmatrix}
-1 & 8 & 0 & -8 & 1 \\
\end{bmatrix}
$$
\end{document}
Output
Example (Two Dimensional)
\documentclass[12pt]{article}
\usepackage{amsmath} % including amsmath package
\begin{document}
$$
\begin{bmatrix}
1/256 & 1/64 & 22 & 1/64 & 1/256 \\
1/64 & 1/16 & 3/32 & 3 & 1/64 \\
21 & 33 & 9/64 & 2 & 3/128 \\
1/64 & 1/16 & 3/32 & 1/16 & 1/64 \\
1/256 & 1/64 & 18 & 1/64 & 56
\end{bmatrix}
$$
\end{document}
Output
Example (Matrix Multiplication)
\documentclass[12pt]{article}
\usepackage{amsmath} % including amsmath package
\begin{document}
$$
\begin{bmatrix}
\sum{wI_x}^2 \hspace{6 mm} \vspace{2mm} \sum{wI_x I_y}^2 \\
\sum{wI_x I_y} \hspace{5 mm} \vspace{2mm} \sum{wI_y}^2
\end{bmatrix}
\begin{bmatrix}
\vspace{4mm}
a \\
b
\end{bmatrix}
=
-\begin{bmatrix}
\vspace{4mm}
\sum{wI_x I_y}^2 \\
\sum{wI_x I_y}^2
\end{bmatrix}
$$
\end{document}
Output
