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Acoustics, Audio, and High Fidelity
As hi-fi equipment becomes more sophisticated and complex, the circuits become more susceptible to interference from outside sources, particularly electromagnetic (EM) fields. This problem is known as electromagnetic interference (EMI). Sometimes it is called...
Vinyl disks were superseded years ago by CDs and Internet downloads, but some audiophiles are still intrigued by vinyl. Some vinyl disks, and the turntables that can play them, have attained considerable value as...
Digital audio tape (DAT) is magnetic recording tape on which binary digital data can be recorded. In digital audio recording, tape noise is practically eliminated because such noise is analog in nature. Some electronic...
Simplified functional diagram of the recording and playback hardware in an analog audio tape recorder/player. Analog audio tape recorders can be classified as either cassette or reel-to-reel. A typical audio cassette plays for 30...
A compact disk (often spelled “disc” in hi-fi applications), also called a CD, is a plastic disk with a diameter of 4.72 in (12.0 cm), on which data can be recorded in digital form....
Mobile and portable hi-fi systems operate at low dc voltages. Typical audio power levels are much lower than in home hi-fi systems. Speakers are much smaller also. In portable systems, headsets are often used...
There are myriad ways to set up a hi-fi system. A true audiophile (“sound lover”) assembles a complex system over a period of time. Here are some basic considerations that can serve as guidelines...
Regardless of its size, a good hi-fi sound system must have certain characteristics. Here are two of the most important technical considerations. Linearity Linearity is the extent to which the output waveform of an...
You do not perceive the loudness (also called volume) of sound in direct proportion to the power contained in the disturbance. Your ears and brain sense sound levels according to the logarithm of the...
Acoustics is the science of sound waves. Sound consists of molecular vibrations at audio frequency (AF), ranging from about 20 Hz to 20 kHz. Young people can hear the full range of AF; older...